Recursively change ownership of directories

Change the owner of /foo and subfiles to "root", run:
# chown -R root /foo
Where,

• -R - Recursively change ownership of directories and their contents.

ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (150) exceeded.

Maximum number of default process is 150.when that abouve error is happened..we can increase our max number of process by

SQL> show parameter processes

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
processes                            integer     150

SQL> select count(*) from v$process;

  COUNT(*)
----------
       149

SQL> alter system set processes=300 scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

SQL> show parameter processes

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
processes                            integer     300

ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (%s) exceeded

Ever received this error message in your alert log? I have on a couple of occasions. Perhaps an application server started spawning more database connections than it normally does in turn creating more processes on the database. The Oracle description of this error is:

Error: ORA 20 Text: maximum number of processes exceeded  

Cause: An operation requested a resource that was unavailable. The maximum number of processes is specified by the initialization parameter PROCESSES. When this maximum is reached, no more requests are processed. Action: Try the operation again in a few minutes. If this message occurs often, shut down Oracle, increase the PROCESSES parameter in the initialization parameter file, and restart Oracle.

But what if you cannot connect to your database to shut it down and increase the parameter?

oradba01t[labdb01]-/home/oracle/>sqlplus  /as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Jun 6 11:25:05 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:

ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (%s) exceeded

I always like to look at the alert log to check for any additional details.

How do I connect to the database to increase my processes parameter? Well I remember Tanel Poder blogged about "How to log on even when SYSDBA can't do so?"

oradba01t[labdb01]-/home/oracle/>sqlplus -prelim "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Jun 6 11:29:54 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL>

I was able to log on to the instance without getting the error message. Now to see if I can shut it down and start it up to increase the parameter.

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

ORA-01012: not logged on

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

It appears that the shutdown abort was successful but the mount command did not complete. Disconnect from the previously connected session and logon normally to start the instance.

How do I connect to the database to increase my processes parameter? Well I remember Tanel Poder blogged about "How to log on even when SYSDBA can't do so?"

oradba01t[labdb01]-/home/oracle/>sqlplus -prelim "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Jun 6 11:29:54 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL>

I was able to log on to the instance without getting the error message. Now to see if I can shut it down and start it up to increase the parameter.

SQL> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

ORA-01012: not logged on

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

It appears that the shutdown abort was successful but the mount command did not complete. Disconnect from the previously connected session and logon normally to start the instance.